Which view holds that there is one reality or truth?

The view that holds there is one reality or truth is best represented by positivism ontology. Positivism posits that knowledge is derived from observable phenomena and that there is a single objective reality that can be understood through scientific investigation and empirical evidence. This perspective emphasizes the value of quantifiable data and tends to reject subjective interpretations, focusing instead on factual and measurable reality that exists independent of individual perceptions or beliefs.

In contrast, realism ontology acknowledges the existence of a reality independent of human thoughts but allows for different interpretations of that reality based on individual experiences. Constructivism ontology, on the other hand, posits that knowledge and meaning are constructed through social processes and personal experiences, suggesting that multiple realities can exist based on individual perceptions. Critical realism ontology accepts an objective reality but also recognizes that our understanding of this reality is influenced by social contexts and subjective interpretations, thus allowing for multiple truths.

The emphasis on a singular, objective reality in positivism underlines why it is regarded as the correct answer in this context.