Which variable's function is often examined using multiple regression in research?

In research, particularly in the context of multiple regression analysis, the dependent variable is the focus of examination. This variable is the outcome that researchers are interested in predicting or explaining based on other variables in the model. The multiple regression analysis assesses the relationship between one dependent variable and multiple independent variables, allowing researchers to understand how changes in the independent variables influence the dependent variable.

While moderator variables and other types of variables play important roles in the analysis and interpretation, the dependent variable is central to the analysis process. The independent variables are those that are manipulated or measured to see their effect on the dependent variable. Thus, while examining interactions and effects among independent and moderator variables is crucial, the dependent variable remains the primary focus of multiple regression analysis, making it essential for understanding the outcomes of the research.